elasticsearch 知识点

2017年12月19日

搜索

全文搜索

match

curl localhost:9200/[index]/[type]/_search?pretty -d '{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "[field]": "[keyword]"
    }
  }
}'

match_phrase

curl localhost:9200/[index]/[type]/_search?pretty -d '{
  "query": {
    "match_phrase": {
      "[field]": "[keyword]"
    }
  }
}'

多个搜索/过滤条件

curl localhost:9200/[index]/[type]/_search?pretty -d '{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "filter": [...],
      "should": [...],
      "must": [...],
      "must_not": [...]
    }
  }
}'

排序

_score 表示搜索相关性打分。

curl localhost:9200/[index]/[type]/_search -d '{
  "query": {...},
  "sort": [
    { "_score": "desc" },
    { "weight": "desc" },
    { "price": "asc" }
  ]
}'

should 时添加最小匹配数量

1// 最小匹配1个
2query.bool.minimum_should_match = 1;

限制返回数据字段

curl localhost:9200/[index]/[type]/_search -d '{
  "query": {...},
  "_source": ["title", "name"...]
}'

控制返回 item 数量及分页

curl localhost:9200/[index]/[type]/_search -d '{
  "query": {...},
  "size": 20,
  "from": 10
}'

多字段索引且提升权重

curl localhost:9200/[index]/[type]/_search?pretty -d '{
  "query": {
    "multi_match": {
      "query": "[keyword]",
      "fields": [ "title^3", "content" ]
    }
  }
}'

function score

• exp 线性
• offset 内_score 相等
• scale 衰减率

curl localhost:9200/[index]/[type]/_search?pretty -d '{
  "query": {
    "function_score": {
      "query": {...},
      "function": [
        {
          "exp": {
            "createdAt": {
              "offset": "90d",
              "scale": "720d"
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}'

提升某个搜索权重

match

boost: 10 表示提升此条件 10 倍打分

curl localhost:9200/[index]/[type]/_search -d '{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        { "match": { "[field]": { "query": "[keyword1]", "boost": 10 } } },
        { "match": { "[field]": "[keyword2]" } }
      ],
      "minimum_should_match": 1
    }
  }
}'

term

boost: 10 表示提升此条件 10 倍打分

curl localhost:9200/[index]/[type]/_search -d '{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        { "term": { "[field]": { "value": "[keyword1]", "boost": 10 } } }，
        { "match": { "[field]": "[keyword2]" } }
      ],
      "minimum_should_match": 1
    }
  }
}'

聚合

curl localhost:9200/[index]/[type]/_search -d '{
  "query": {...},
  "aggs": {...}
}'

1// 标签聚合
2let aggs = { tags_count: { terms: { field: 'tags', size: 100 } } };

查看 index 数量

curl localhost:9200/[index]/[type]/_count

列出所有索引

curl localhost:9200/_cat/indices

删除索引

curl -XDELETE localhost:9200/[index]

批量 bulk 接口

请求体中，每单个请求放在每行，用换行符\n 隔开

curl -XPOST localhost:9200/_bulk -d '[body]'

example:

curl -XPOST 'localhost:9200/_bulk?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{ "index" : { "_index" : "test", "_type" : "type1", "_id" : "1" } }
{ "field1" : "value1" }
{ "delete" : { "_index" : "test", "_type" : "type1", "_id" : "2" } }
{ "create" : { "_index" : "test", "_type" : "type1", "_id" : "3" } }
{ "field1" : "value3" }
{ "update" : {"_id" : "1", "_type" : "type1", "_index" : "test"} }
{ "doc" : {"field2" : "value2"} }
'

安装中文分词插件

https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/

新建索引

curl -XPUT localhost:9200/[index]

创建映射时的设置

下面title 字段表示用ik 插件分词，link 字段表示不进行任何分词

curl -XPOST localhost:9200/[index]/[type]/_mapping -d '{
  "properties": {
    "title": {
      "type": "text",
      "analyzer": "ik_max_word",
      "search_analyzer": "ik_max_word"
    },
    "link": {
      "type": "string",
      "index": "not_analyzed"
    }
  }
}'

查看 index mapping

pretty 参数表示格式化查看

curl localhost:9200/[index]/_mapping/[type]?pretty

测试分词结果

curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/[index]/_analyze?field=[field]&text=[keyword]&pretty'

设置别名

curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/[index]/_alias/[alias_name]'

查看别名

curl -XGET 'localhost:9200/[index]/_alias/*'

查看数据

curl 'localhost:9200/[index]/[type]/_search?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{ "size": 5 }'